Riccardo Boccelli

Riccardo Boccelli

PhD thesis title: Nuclear Energy Systems for Space Applications

Academic Tutor: Riccardo Mereu

Academic Supervisor: Marco Enrico Ricotti and Stefano Lorenzi

Affiliate external company or research group: Thales Alenia Space Italia

PhD cycle: 38° (see all student profiles of the same cycle > LINK)

BSc: Engineering Physics, Politecnico di Milano

MSc: Nuclear engineering, Politecnico di Milano

Best poster award, NENE conference 2022

Thesis abstract

The advancement of space exploration necessitates the development of reliable and efficient power sources, particularly for missions requiring constant, reliable energy over years of operation. This research focuses on the study and design of innovative microreactors, specifically heat-pipe cooled reactors, for applications in nuclear electric propulsion and the powering of lunar bases. Heat-pipe cooled reactors present a promising solution due to their inherent safety features, robust thermal management capabilities, and scalability. My research aims to optimize reactor design to maximize efficiency, minimize mass, and ensure durability under the extreme conditions of space.

Through numerical modeling of neutronics and thermal aspects, I explore the thermodynamic performance, material compatibility, and overall system reliability of heat-pipe cooled microreactors. The study evaluates various configurations and materials for heat pipes and reactors to identify the most effective combinations. Additionally, my research investigates the integration of these microreactors with power conversion systems for electric propulsion and energy distribution systems for lunar habitats.

Personal interest in my research theme

Nuclear engineering is known for its difficult challenges, including nuclear reactions, extreme temperature conditions, advanced materials, and stringent safety requirements. This becomes even more complicated when dealing with a space environment: lack of gravity, no possibility of maintenance and the needs of having light components. Space exploration could greatly benefit from the deployment of fission micro-reactors, which could enable new types of missions ranging from the development of moon and mars habitats to deep-space travel via high-power electric propulsion.
The great possibilities and the challenge itself make this research project really interesting to me and never dull.

Designing a space nuclear reactor is both unique and fascinating. It is like being a Star Wars engineer dealing with the construction of the Death Star (hopefully Luke Skywalker will not blow it up this time). The best part? no Darth Vader breathing down your neck.